How to Set Up Your Thrustmaster HOTAS 4 or HOTAS X for Flight Simulator 2020

Welcome to this comprehensive guide on configuring your Thrustmaster HOTAS 4 or HOTAS X for an optimal Flight Simulator 2020 experience. Whether you’re a seasoned pilot or just starting out, setting up your HOTAS correctly can significantly enhance your flight simulation gameplay. Both HOTAS 4 and HOTAS X are versatile systems compatible with PlayStation 4 and PC, making them a great choice for gamers across platforms. Despite the different branding, these systems share similar functionalities, ensuring that this guide is applicable to both models.

Step 1: Plug In and Recognize

Firstly, connect your HOTAS 4 or HOTAS X to your PC. Launch Flight Simulator 2020, navigate to the options, and select controls. The game should automatically recognize your device. Although Flight Simulator 2020 might not officially support HOTAS 4 or X, it will still identify the device by name and map primary control surfaces such as ailerons, elevator, and rudder access.

Step 2: Adjusting Sensitivities

The default sensitivity settings, especially for the rudder on the Z-axis, might be too high for precise control. To adjust, select the sensitivity option and modify the Z-axis sensitivity to a lower setting, such as minus 4 or minus 5, to suit your preference. Remember, any changes to the controls or sensitivities will prompt you to save these adjustments to a new profile. It’s advisable to create a custom profile for your specific adjustments.

Step 3: Customizing Controls

Flight Simulator 2020’s default profile may not suit everyone’s needs. To customize, review the default setup and reassign buttons and controls according to your preferences. Key areas to customize include:

• Elevator Trim: Set up buttons for nose up and nose down trim adjustments. Understanding and utilizing trim effectively can help maintain level flight and improve your overall control of the aircraft.
• Brakes and Flaps: Assign specific buttons for brakes and flaps for easy access during takeoff and landing phases.
• Cockpit Camera: Customize the button for resetting the cockpit view to quickly reorient your perspective as needed.

Step 4: Enhancing View Controls

The HAT switch on the HOTAS 4 or X controls the cockpit view by default but can feel limiting. To enable more intuitive view controls:

• Change the quick view function to toggle mode for easier view management.
• Adjust the HAT switch settings to move the camera view in increments. This setup allows for a more natural camera movement, closely mimicking head movements.

Step 5: Testing and Fine-Tuning

After configuring your HOTAS, take a test flight to ensure all controls work as expected. Adjust your throttle, test the sensitivity of your rudder during taxiing, and utilize your custom button assignments for a comprehensive flight experience. Fine-tune any settings as necessary to match your flying style and preferences.

GLOSSARY

• HOTAS: Stands for Hands On Throttle-And-Stick. It’s a type of gaming input device designed to mimic the throttle and stick controls found in aircraft. HOTAS setups allow for more immersive and precise control in flight simulation games.
• HOTAS 4: A model of the Thrustmaster HOTAS series, compatible with PlayStation 4 and PC. It is designed for a realistic flight simulation experience.
• HOTAS X: Another model in the Thrustmaster HOTAS series, similar to the HOTAS 4 but with some variations in features and compatibility. It is also designed for use with PC and has slight differences in branding and button layout.
• Flight Simulator 2020: A flight simulation video game developed by Asobo Studio and published by Xbox Game Studios. It’s known for its high level of realism, detailed aircraft, and accurate geographic data.
• Ailerons: Control surfaces located on the wings of an aircraft that are used to control the aircraft’s roll and bank angles. Adjusting the ailerons allows the aircraft to turn left or right.
• Elevator: A control surface located at the rear of the aircraft, used to control the pitch of the aircraft. Moving the elevator up and down adjusts the aircraft’s nose position and angle of ascent or descent.
• Rudder: A vertical control surface located at the tail of the aircraft, used to control the yaw of the aircraft. It helps in steering the aircraft left or right, especially useful during ground taxi operations and for making coordinated turns in flight.
• Sensitivity: In the context of gaming controls, sensitivity refers to how responsive a control input is. Adjusting the sensitivity of the HOTAS can help fine-tune how small movements of the joystick or throttle translate into actions within the game.
• Z-axis: Refers to the axis of rotation that allows for twisting movements of the joystick. In flight simulation, the Z-axis is often used to control the rudder.
• Trim: Adjustments made to the control surfaces (such as the elevator) to maintain a steady flight without constant manual input. Trimming an aircraft helps keep it flying straight and level or at a consistent altitude and attitude.
• Flaps: Control surfaces on the wings of an aircraft that can be extended to increase lift at lower speeds, especially during takeoff and landing phases.
• HAT Switch: A multi-directional button located at the top of the flight stick that allows for quick changes in viewpoint or camera angle in flight simulation games.

Essential Flying Tips for Flight Simulator 2020 Users

1. Pre-Flight Checklist:
   • Configure Your HOTAS: Before each flight, ensure your HOTAS is correctly set up and calibrated. This includes checking the sensitivity settings and ensuring all custom button assignments are as intended.
   • Plan Your Flight: Use the Flight Planner in Flight Simulator 2020 to set your departure and arrival points. Planning helps in understanding the route, weather conditions, and any specific challenges you might face.
2. Takeoff Techniques:
   • Throttle Management: Gradually increase throttle to gain speed on the runway. Use your HOTAS throttle lever for precise control over your speed.
   • Rotation: Pay close attention to your speed and rotate (pull back on your stick) at the recommended speed to lift off smoothly.
3. In-Flight Navigation:
   • Use of Autopilot: Familiarize yourself with the autopilot functions for longer flights. Your HOTAS can be used to engage and adjust autopilot settings, making cruising more manageable.
   • Manual Flight: Practice manual flying to understand the aircraft’s response to your HOTAS inputs. This is crucial for improving your flying skills and for situations where manual control is necessary.
4. Landing Approaches:
   • Approach Path: Ensure you’re aligned with the runway well in advance of your landing. Use your HOTAS to make fine adjustments to your heading and altitude.
   • Speed and Descent: Manage your speed and rate of descent carefully. Too fast or too slow can both lead to complications. Use flaps and throttle adjustments to maintain a steady approach.
5. Emergency Procedures:
   • Know Your Aircraft: Understanding the specific emergency procedures for the aircraft you’re flying is crucial. Practice scenarios like engine failures or instrument malfunctions.
   • Stay Calm and React: In case of an emergency, remain calm and follow the necessary procedures. Your HOTAS setup can help you maintain control and execute corrective actions efficiently.
6. Exploration and Enjoyment:
   • Explore Different Aircraft: Each aircraft has its unique handling and characteristics. Experiment with various types to find your favorites and to challenge your flying skills.
   • Visit New Locations: Flight Simulator 2020 offers a vast world to explore. Use the opportunity to fly over unfamiliar territories, practicing navigation and enjoying the scenery.
7. Continuous Learning:
   • Watch Tutorials and Join Communities: There’s always something new to learn in flight simulation. Watch online tutorials, join forums, and participate in community discussions to gain insights and tips from other enthusiasts.
   • Practice Regularly: The key to mastering Flight Simulator 2020 is regular practice. Spend time flying under different conditions to become a more proficient pilot.

These aircraft are popular choices for training and recreational flying due to their reliability, simplicity, and ease of handling. Here’s some essential flight knowledge to help you get the most out of flying these aircraft:

Cessna 152

• General Characteristics:
  • Type: Single-engine, two-seat, fixed tricycle gear general aviation airplane.
  • Engine: Lycoming O-235 engine, producing 110 horsepower.
  • Cruise Speed: Approximately 107 knots (123 mph, 198 km/h).
  • Range: Around 415 nautical miles (478 miles, 769 km).
  • Maximum Takeoff Weight: 1,670 pounds (757 kg).
• Flying Tips:
  • Takeoff and Climb: Rotate at about 55 knots. For best angle of climb, use 60 knots, and for best rate of climb, use 67 knots.
  • Cruise: Adjust power to maintain your desired cruise speed, typically around 107 knots.
  • Landing: Begin your approach at around 60-70 knots, reducing to 55 knots for short-field landings.

Cessna 172

• General Characteristics:
  • Type: Single-engine, four-seat, high wing, fixed-wing aircraft.
  • Engine: Lycoming IO-360-L2A producing 160 horsepower.
  • Cruise Speed: About 122 knots (140 mph, 226 km/h).
  • Range: Up to 640 nautical miles (736 miles, 1,185 km).
  • Maximum Takeoff Weight: 2,550 pounds (1,157 kg).
• Flying Tips:
  • Takeoff and Climb: Rotate at 55-60 knots. For best climb performance, maintain a speed of about 75 knots.
  • Cruise: Adjust throttle and mixture for efficient cruise performance, usually around 70-75% power.
  • Landing: Approach speed should be around 65-75 knots depending on weight, reducing to 60-65 knots over the threshold.

Shared Tips for Both Aircraft

• Pre-flight Inspection: Always conduct a thorough pre-flight inspection, checking fuel levels, oil, control surfaces, and ensuring that all instruments and systems are functioning properly.
• Use of Flaps: Both aircraft are equipped with flaps that can be used to increase lift during takeoff and to decrease speed and increase drag during landing. Familiarize yourself with the flap settings and use them appropriately for takeoffs and landings.
• Stall Awareness: Practice stall recovery procedures. Both aircraft will provide ample warning before a stall, but knowing how to recover is crucial.
• Crosswind Landings: Both the Cessna 152 and 172 are relatively light and can be affected by crosswinds. Practice crosswind takeoffs and landings to build your skills in handling these conditions.
• Emergency Procedures: Familiarize yourself with the emergency procedures for each aircraft. Knowing how to react in the event of an engine failure, electrical failure, or other emergencies can significantly improve safety.

Understanding these specifics will help you simulate a more realistic and enjoyable flight experience in Flight Simulator 2020, providing you with a solid foundation of knowledge to apply during your virtual flights with either the Cessna 152 or Cessna 172.

These sections on flaps, stall recovery, and elevator trim will provide you with a solid understanding and practical tips for a better flying experience.

Flaps

Function and Use:

Flaps are movable panels on the wings of an aircraft that increase lift and drag, primarily used during takeoff and landing to enhance the aircraft’s performance at lower speeds.

• Cessna 152 & 172: Both aircraft are equipped with flaps that can be extended up to 40 degrees in several increments (10°, 20°, 30°, and 40° for the 172; 10°, 20°, and 30° for the 152).

Operational Tips:

• Takeoff: Flaps are typically set between 0° and 10° for short field takeoffs to increase lift.
• Landing: Incrementally extend flaps as you approach the runway to increase lift and reduce stall speed, allowing for a safer and slower landing speed.

Stall Recovery

Understanding Stalls:

A stall occurs when the wing exceeds its critical angle of attack, resulting in a rapid loss of lift. It’s crucial to recognize the early signs of a stall, such as buffeting or a decrease in control responsiveness.

• Cessna 152 & 172: Both aircraft will exhibit pre-stall warning signs, such as aural stall warnings and control feedback.

Recovery Techniques:

1. Reduce the Angle of Attack: Immediately push the control yoke forward to lower the nose and reduce the wings’ angle of attack.
2. Power: Apply full throttle to increase airspeed and assist in regaining lift.
3. Level the Wings: Use ailerons to level the wings and regain lateral control.
4. Recover from the Dive: Once airspeed is gained, gently pull back on the yoke to raise the nose to a level flight attitude.

Elevator Trim

Purpose of Trim:

Elevator trim adjusts the aircraft’s pitch attitude without the need for constant control input from the pilot, reducing fatigue and aiding in maintaining a steady altitude.

Trimming for Level Flight:

• Finding Neutral: With the aircraft at cruise speed, adjust the trim until minimal force is needed on the yoke to maintain level flight.
• Adjusting for Changes: When changing speed or configuration (e.g., extending flaps), re-trim the aircraft to maintain the desired flight attitude.

Practical Tips:

• Cessna 152 & 172: Both aircraft feature a trim wheel near the throttle. Adjusting the wheel forward will trim the nose down, while adjusting it backward will trim the nose up.
• Use Trim During All Phases: Proper trim use during takeoff, climb, cruise, descent, and landing can significantly improve aircraft handling and comfort.

Applying Knowledge in Flight Simulator 2020

In Flight Simulator 2020, practicing with the Cessna 152 or 172 is a great way to apply this knowledge. Use the HOTAS to control your aircraft effectively, and remember to adjust your flaps, practice stall recovery, and use your elevator trim as described for a realistic and enriching flying experience. Simulating these scenarios can greatly enhance your understanding and enjoyment of flying, providing a solid foundation for more advanced piloting concepts.

Understanding Autopilot in the Cessna 172

The Cessna 172 equipped with an autopilot system in MSFS2020 allows for automated control over the aircraft’s heading, altitude, and even approach phases under certain conditions. Familiarity with the autopilot interface is key to leveraging its capabilities effectively.

Setting Up Autopilot

1. Engaging Autopilot: Locate the autopilot control panel in the cockpit, usually found on the instrument panel’s lower section. Press the AP button to engage the autopilot system.
2. Heading Mode (HDG): To control the aircraft’s direction, select the HDG mode and adjust the heading bug on the directional gyro to your desired heading. The aircraft will turn and maintain the selected heading.
3. Altitude Hold (ALT): After reaching your desired altitude, press the ALT button to maintain the current altitude. For precise altitude adjustments, use the altitude preselect function (if available) and then capture that altitude by engaging ALT mode.
4. Vertical Speed (VS) Mode: To climb or descend at a specific rate, select VS mode and use the vertical speed selector to set your desired rate of climb or descent in feet per minute. Once set, the aircraft will adjust its pitch to achieve and maintain the selected vertical speed.
5. Approach Mode (APR): When preparing for an ILS (Instrument Landing System) approach, the approach mode can guide the aircraft along the glide slope and localizer. Activate APR mode once established on the final approach fix. The autopilot will adjust the aircraft’s flight path to align with the runway and descend according to the glide slope.

Using Autopilot Effectively

• Monitor Regularly: While the autopilot manages the flight, it’s crucial to monitor the aircraft’s systems and the autopilot’s performance regularly to ensure it operates as expected.
• Understand Limitations: Be aware of the autopilot system’s limitations, such as maximum and minimum operational speeds and altitudes, to avoid overstressing the aircraft or causing unintended flight behaviors.
• Disengaging Autopilot: To manually control the aircraft or in response to an unexpected situation, disengage the autopilot by pressing the AP button again. Always be ready to take manual control of the aircraft.

Practice Makes Perfect

Utilizing the autopilot in the Cessna 172 in MSFS2020 is an excellent way to familiarize yourself with automated flight systems. Practice engaging, adjusting, and disengaging the autopilot in various flight conditions and scenarios to build your confidence and proficiency. Remember, the autopilot is a tool to assist you, the pilot, in managing the flight, but maintaining situational awareness and understanding how to manually control the aircraft is paramount.

Fuel Management

1. Pre-Flight Planning: Always calculate your expected fuel consumption before flights, considering factors like weight, altitude, and weather conditions. MSFS2020 allows you to adjust fuel levels in the pre-flight settings, helping simulate realistic fuel planning.
2. In-Flight Monitoring: Regularly check your fuel gauges during flight. The Cessna 172 has a straightforward fuel gauge system, but staying vigilant can prevent fuel starvation or imbalance situations.

Weather Considerations

1. Pre-Flight Weather Check: Use the weather tool in MSFS2020 to understand the conditions you’ll be flying into. Adjusting weather settings to match real-world conditions can provide valuable practice in handling various weather scenarios.
2. In-Flight Adjustments: Be prepared to adjust your altitude or route in response to unexpected weather changes. Understanding how to use your HOTAS for quick adjustments can be crucial in maintaining control in adverse conditions.

Navigation

1. Use of VOR Navigation: Practice using VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) navigation for cross-country flights. The Cessna 172 is equipped with VOR receivers, allowing you to navigate using radio beacons, enhancing your understanding of radio navigation.
2. GPS and Autopilot Integration: Familiarize yourself with the GPS system integrated with the autopilot. Setting up waypoints and routes in the GPS and using the autopilot for navigation can simplify longer flights and reduce workload.

Simulator as a Learning Tool

1. Scenario-Based Training: Use MSFS2020 to simulate various flight scenarios, including emergency situations, system failures, and challenging weather conditions. This practice can build your confidence and decision-making skills in a risk-free environment.
2. Instrument Proficiency: Take advantage of the simulator to practice instrument flight rules (IFR) flying. The Cessna 172 in MSFS2020 is equipped with a range of instruments and avionics that can be used to fly in cloud cover and low visibility conditions, mirroring real-world instrument flying.

Additional Tips

• Regular Practice: Consistency is key to improving your flying skills. Regularly flying in the simulator, trying new airports, and experimenting with different flight conditions can enhance your adaptability and proficiency.
• Community Engagement: Join online forums, social media groups, or virtual flying clubs where you can share experiences, ask questions, and learn from other enthusiasts. The MSFS2020 community is vast and offers a wealth of knowledge and camaraderie.
• Real-World Knowledge Application: Apply real-world aviation knowledge to your simulator flying. Reading pilot training manuals, watching educational videos, and even taking a discovery flight at a local flight school can greatly enhance your understanding and enjoyment of virtual flying.